Optometrists and ophthalmologists explain practicing good eye care includes regular eye exams. The current recommendation for those between 40 to 65 years of age is an exam every 2 to 4 years. For adults over 65, the recommendation is every 1 to 2 years and should include a check for eye diseases and conditions such as cataracts, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy.
During a dilated eye exam, an ophthalmologist will check pupil reaction, eye pressure, retina, optic nerve, side/peripheral vision, eye movement, muscle balance and coordination. They will also check your focusing ability and eyeglass prescription. The doctor will ask about your medical history including if you or a family member has diabetes, as diabetics have a higher risk of developing cataracts and glaucoma as well as diabetic retinopathy. In addition, they will want to know if you have high blood pressure as over time it can cause damage to the blood vessels around the eyes. Shingles is another disease that can cause inflammation around the eyes, swelling of the eyelids and pain.
August is National Eye Exam month and is a good time for an exam check as Americans are exposed to the greatest amount of UV ray exposure during the summer months, which can increase the risk for cataracts, growths, and cancer. Ophthalmologists say while our eyes need exposure to natural light to maintain our sleep cycles, it is important to wear sunglasses with UV-blockers and hats as protection against the sun.
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